如何操作壓路機做好瀝青路面的碾壓作業

瀝(li)青混凝土結構(gou)層(ceng)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)實(shi)度和平整度取決(jue)于碾(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)的(de)溫度和壓(ya)(ya)實(shi)方(fang)法,按(an)照緊(jin)跟(gen)、慢壓(ya)(ya)、高頻、低(di)幅(fu)的(de)原(yuan)則進行碾(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)。壓(ya)(ya)路機緊(jin)跟(gen)在攤鋪機后(hou)面碾(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya),在終壓(ya)(ya)前消除全部輪跡,達到要求的(de)壓(ya)(ya)實(shi)度后(hou)立(li)即停止作業,以免過(guo)振。由(you)現場專職測試溫度人員指揮控制碾(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)間和地點。

碾(nian)(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)按照由上而下、先(xian)(xian)靜后振(zhen)、先(xian)(xian)慢后快的(de)(de)原則進行(xing),盡量(liang)(liang)長(chang)距離(li)(li)碾(nian)(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya),振(zhen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)保證(zheng)先(xian)(xian)停振(zhen)后停機,先(xian)(xian)起步(bu)后起振(zhen)。碾(nian)(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi),相鄰碾(nian)(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)帶重疊1/3～1/2輪(lun)寬,從橫斷面(mian)上低的(de)(de)一(yi)側(ce)逐(zhu)步(bu)移向(xiang)(xiang)高的(de)(de)一(yi)側(ce),壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)路(lu)機來(lai)回(hui)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)為一(yi)遍。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)路(lu)機碾(nian)(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi),離(li)(li)攤鋪機方向(xiang)(xiang)不在(zai)(zai)同一(yi)斷面(mian)上,而是呈階梯形(xing),每(mei)次(ci)(ci)前后錯開50cm左右,并且先(xian)(xian)長(chang)后短,即第一(yi)次(ci)(ci)碾(nian)(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)距離(li)(li)長(chang),其(qi)余各次(ci)(ci)逐(zhu)漸縮短。碾(nian)(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi),調整好壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)路(lu)面(mian)碾(nian)(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輪(lun)灑水噴嘴,使其(qi)灑水適量(liang)(liang),以不粘輪(lun)為宜。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)路(lu)機禁止(zhi)在(zai)(zai)未碾(nian)(nian)(nian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)成型或(huo)未冷(leng)卻的(de)(de)路(lu)段上轉向(xiang)(xiang)、制動或(huo)停留(liu)。在(zai)(zai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)路(lu)機壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)不到的(de)(de)地方,采用振(zhen)動夯(hang)板來(lai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)實。

一、初壓:

要在溫度大于150℃進行,先用鋼輪壓(ya)路機靜壓(ya)1～2遍,速度控(kong)制在1.5km/h～2km/h。碾壓(ya)時,驅(qu)動輪面(mian)向攤鋪機,碾壓(ya)坡道時,驅(qu)動輪在低處(chu)。

二、復壓:

初壓(ya)(ya)(ya)完后(hou)即刻進行復壓(ya)(ya)(ya),復壓(ya)(ya)(ya)溫(wen)度(du)不低于125℃,先用(yong)重型雙(shuang)鋼輪壓(ya)(ya)(ya)路機振(zhen)動碾壓(ya)(ya)(ya)4遍(bian),碾壓(ya)(ya)(ya)速度(du)4km/h～5km/h,然后(hou)用(yong)重型輪胎壓(ya)(ya)(ya)路機碾壓(ya)(ya)(ya)6遍(bian),復壓(ya)(ya)(ya)速度(du)為3.5km/h～4.5km/h。視(shi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)實情況,碾壓(ya)(ya)(ya)遍(bian)數增(zeng)加1～2遍(bian)。

三、終壓:

緊(jin)接復(fu)壓后(hou)進行,采用雙鋼輪振動(dong)壓路機,關閉振動(dong),速度(du)控制(zhi)在2km/h ~3km/h靜壓2遍,使路面無輪跡為(wei)止(zhi),終(zhong)壓完成時,溫度(du)不(bu)低于110℃。

接(jie)縫(feng)(feng)處理也很重要。施工(gong)安排時將(jiang)(jiang)力爭使(shi)按縫(feng)(feng)的(de)數量(liang)減到最少,橫(heng)向施工(gong)接(jie)縫(feng)(feng)均采用(yong)垂直的(de)平接(jie)縫(feng)(feng),并使(shi)各層之間的(de)橫(heng)縫(feng)(feng)錯(cuo)開。在(zai)(zai)施工(gong)結束時,攤鋪(pu)機(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)接(jie)近(jin)端部前(qian)10cm處將(jiang)(jiang)熨平板(ban)稍稍抬(tai)起駛離現場,用(yong)切割機(ji)(ji)垂直切除端部層厚不(bu)(bu)足(zu)部分,使(shi)下(xia)次施工(gong)時成直角連接(jie)。在(zai)(zai)下(xia)次施工(gong)前(qian),對(dui)橫(heng)縫(feng)(feng)處刷乳化瀝青,并用(yong)攤鋪(pu)機(ji)(ji)熨平板(ban)對(dui)預留橫(heng)縫(feng)(feng)端部預熱,對(dui)橫(heng)縫(feng)(feng)處篩(shai)細料(liao)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)工(gong)修整,再進(jin)行(xing)(xing)攤鋪(pu)。用(yong)鋼輪(lun)壓路機(ji)(ji)對(dui)橫(heng)縫(feng)(feng)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)橫(heng)向和縱向靜壓后(hou),即用(yong)3m直尺檢查(cha)接(jie)縫(feng)(feng)平整度,如果不(bu)(bu)滿足(zu)要求,進(jin)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)工(gong)修補,對(dui)多(duo)余的(de)料(liao)由人(ren)工(gong)鏟除;對(dui)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)部分,由人(ren)工(gong)篩(shai)細料(liao)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)修補,直至(zhi)接(jie)縫(feng)(feng)平順、合格。

縱縫(feng)采用(yong)熱接縫(feng),在攤(tan)鋪機后面用(yong)一(yi)臺靜壓路機進行碾壓,使接縫(feng)平順而密實。